Anderson needs one more Winter X Games medal to tie Mark McMorris' all-time record of 20 and two more golds to tie Lindsey Jacobellis' record on the women's side. She also became the first woman to compete in the Knuckle Huck contest. While she impressed and made history, she and the rest of the field fell short of victor and X Games rookie Dusty Henricksen. Henricksen, 17, also won gold in the men's snowboard slopestyle and defeated a field that included Olympic champion Red Gerard.
Another notable Olympic champion thrived, as Chloe Kim won the women's snowboard superpipe for her fifth snowboard halfpipe title in Aspen. One of Kim's six and one of Clark's seven X Games halfpipe titles came in competition outside of Aspen. ChloeKim age 20, now has 8 XGames medals overall. She returned to competition this month after taking 21 months off to focus on her first year at Princeton University. Making Kim's performance all the more impressive is the fact that she took last year's event off because she was taking freshman classes at Princeton.
Speaking of making history, Eileen Gu won the women's ski superpipe and the women's ski slopestyle while also taking home bronze in the women's ski big air. German Georg Hackl won a silver in the singles luge, becoming the first athlete in Olympic history to win medals in the same individual event in five consecutive Olympics. The Canadians appeared to have skated well enough to win the competition, yet the Russians were awarded the gold.
The judging broke along Cold War lines with judges from former Communist countries favouring the Russian pair and judges from Democratic nations voting for the Canadians. An investigation revealed that she had been pressured to give the gold to the Russian pair regardless of how they skated; in return the Russian judge would look favourably on the French entrants in the ice dancing competition.
The Italian city of Turin hosted the Winter Olympics. It was the second time that Italy had hosted the Winter Olympic Games. South Korean athletes won 10 medals, including 6 gold in the short-track speed skating events.
In so doing she was able to help her team win a silver medal in the event at the expense of the Norwegian team, who finished fourth. The Court of Arbitration for Sport upheld her suspension but a Swiss court ruled that she could compete for a spot on the German Olympic team. With a population of more than 2.
His death forced officials at the Whistler Sliding Centre to change the track to make it safer. She finished the Olympics with three golds, a silver and a bronze.
From their first Winter Olympics in to the games, a Soviet or Russian delegation had never been outside the top five medal-winning nations. In they finished sixth in total medals and eleventh in gold medals. President Dmitry Medvedev called for the resignation of top sports officials immediately after the Games. In the Asian countries had won fifteen medals, three of which were gold. In Vancouver the total number of medals won by athletes from Asia had increased to thirty-one, with eleven of them being gold.
The rise of Asian nations in Winter Olympics sports is due in part to the growth of winter sports programmes and the interest in winter sports in nations such as South Korea, Japan and China.
This will be the first time that Russia will host a Winter Olympics. All of the mountain venues will be 50 kilometres 30 mi away in the alpine region known as Krasnaya Polyana. The process for awarding host city honours came under intense scrutiny after Salt Lake City had been awarded the right to host the Games. These gifts included medical treatment for relatives, a college scholarship for one member's son and a land deal in Utah.
Samaranch defended the gift as inconsequential since, as president, he was a non-voting member. New terms and age limits were established for IOC membership, and 15 former Olympic athletes were added to the committee. Stricter rules for future bids were imposed, with ceilings imposed on the value of gifts IOC members could accept from bid cities. According to the IOC, the host city is responsible for, " Nagano's economy did experience a two-year post-Olympic spurt, but the long term effects have not materialised as planned.
To mitigate these concerns the IOC has enacted several initiatives. First it has agreed to fund part of the host city's budget for staging the Games. This eliminates a large portion of the developing world. This requires prospective host cities and the IOC, to plan with a view to the long-term economic and environmental impact that hosting the Olympics will have on the region.
In the IOC began enacting drug testing protocols. They started by randomly testing athletes at the Winter Olympics. It was not until the late s that international sporting federations began to coordinate efforts to standardise the drug-testing protocols. The Winter Olympics in Turin became notable for a scandal involving the emerging trend of blood doping, the use of blood transfusions or synthetic hormones such as Erythropoietin EPO to improve oxygen flow and thus reduce fatigue.
Avery Brundage , as president of the IOC from to , rejected all attempts to link the Olympics with commercial interests as he felt that the Olympic movement should be completely separate from financial influence. This was due to a shift in ideology among IOC members, towards expansion of the Games through corporate sponsorship and the sale of television rights.
Brundage's concerns proved prophetic. The IOC has charged more for television broadcast rights at each successive Games.
They have pressured the IOC to include new events, such as snowboarding, that appeal to broader television audiences. This has been done to boost ratings, which were slowly declining until the Games. Instead of holding both in the same calendar year the committee decided to alternate them every two years, although both Games would still be held on four-year cycles. It was decided that staggering the Games would make it easier for corporations to sponsor individual Olympic Games, which would maximise revenue potential.
The IOC sought to directly negotiate sponsorship contracts so that they had more control over the Olympic "brand". It did not take long for the Cold War combatants to discover what a powerful propaganda tool the Olympic Games could be. Soviet and American politicians used the Olympics as an opportunity to prove the perceived superiority of their respective political systems. Irina Rodnina , three-time Olympic gold medallist in figure skating, was awarded the Order of Lenin after her victory at the Winter Olympics in Innsbruck.
It also approved financial rewards to medal-winning athletes. The Cold War created tensions amongst countries allied to the two superpowers. East Germany declined the invitation and instead sought international legitimacy separate from West Germany. The Winter Games have had only one national team boycott when Taiwan decided not to participate in the Winter Olympics held in Lake Placid. Despite numerous appeals and court hearings the IOC's decision stood.
When the Taiwanese athletes arrived at the Olympic village with their Republic of China identification cards they were not admitted. They subsequently left the Olympics in protest, just before the opening ceremonies. The country agreed to compete under a flag bearing the emblem of their National Olympic Committee and to play the anthem of their National Olympic Committee should one of their athletes win a gold medal.
The agreement remains in place to this day. Chapter 1, article 6 of the edition of the Olympic Charter defines winter sports as "sports which are practised on snow or ice.
The addition of these events has broadened the appeal of the Winter Olympics beyond Europe and North America. While European powers such as Norway and Germany still dominate the traditional Winter Olympic sports, countries such as South Korea, Australia and Canada are finding success in the new sports.
The results are more parity in the national medal tables, more interest in the Winter Olympics and higher global television ratings. Demonstration sports have historically provided a venue for host countries to attract publicity to locally popular sports by having a competition without granting medals.
Demonstration sports were discontinued after Military patrol , a precursor to the biathlon , was a medal sport in and was demonstrated in , and , becoming an official sport in In the latter it's considered a national sport. Moritz in It was composed of cross-country skiing , shooting , downhill skiing , fencing and equestrian. Olympics Wiki Explore.
Olympic Games. Olympics Wiki. Community Portal About Policy. Explore Wikis Community Central. Register Don't have an account? Winter Olympic Games. Edit source History Talk 0. Retrieved on International Olympic Committee. Sports Reference LLC. Moritz Retrieved on —03— Story 17—Protesting amateur rules, Canada leaves international hockey.
International Ice Hockey Federation. International Olympic Committee January StatCan
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