Fedora file type

In this article, we will demonstrate file command examples to determine a file type in Linux. To find out file types we can use the file command.

You can run the following command to verify the version of the file utility: file -v We can test a file type by typing the following command: file file. Using -b option will not prepend filenames to output lines file -f GFG.

It is used to store information such as text, or images. This type of file will be denoted in blue color with links greater than or equal to 2. A directory file contains an entry for every file and sub-directory that it houses. If we have 10 files in a directory, we will have 10 entries in the directory file.

Block Files: Block files act as a direct interface to block devices hence they are also called block devices. A block device is any device that performs data Input and Output operations in units of blocks. These files provide a serial stream of input or output and provide direct access to hardware devices. The terminal, serial ports, etc are examples of this type of file.

This file sends data from one process to another so that the receiving process reads the data first-in-first-out manner. To make file work faster you can exclude a test valid tests include apptype, ascii, encoding, tokens, cdf, compress, elf, soft and tar from the list of tests made to determine the file type, use the -e flag as shown. The -s option causes file to also read block or character special files, for example.

Adding the -z options instructs file to look inside compressed files. If you want to report information about the contents only not the compression, of a compressed file, use the -Z flag. You can tell file command to output mime type strings instead of the more traditional human readable ones, using the -i option. In addition, you can get a slash-separated list of valid extensions for the file type found by adding the —extension switch.

In this article, we shared some useful file command examples. If you have any questions or thoughts to share, use the feedback form below to reach us. TecMint is the fastest growing and most trusted community site for any kind of Linux Articles, Guides and Books on the web. Millions of people visit TecMint! If you like what you are reading, please consider buying us a coffee or 2 as a token of appreciation.

We are thankful for your never ending support. Defaults to no. A boolean value that specifies whether systemd should guess the main PID of a service if it cannot be determined reliably. Defaults to yes. An absolute filename pointing to the PID file of this daemon. Systemd reads the PID of the main process of the daemon after start-up of the service. Systemd does not write to the file configured here, although it removes the file after the service has shut down.

A D-Bus bus name to reach this service. A maximum time in seconds for the service to run. Pass infinity the default to configure no runtime limit. Systemd targets serve a similar purpose to SysVinit runlevels but act a little differently.

Each target has a name instead of a number and each serves a specific purpose. Systemd implements some targets by inheriting all of the services of another target and adding additional services to it. The runlevels assigned a specific purpose on vanilla Fedora installs 0, 1, 3, 5, and 6 have a mapping with a specific systemd target. However, this is not the case for user-defined runlevels 2 and 4.

Multi-user, non-graphical. Users can usually login via multiple consoles or via the network. Multi-user, graphical. Usually has all the services of runlevel 3 plus a graphical login. When supported, reloads the config file without interrupting pending operations. Used to list the services that can be started or stopped Used to list all the services and other units. Used to check whether a service is configured to start or not in the current environment.

Print a table of services that lists which runlevels each is configured on or off. Print a table of services that will be started when booting into graphical mode. Lennart is the primary systemd developer. Interview with the developer. Want to help? Learn how to contribute to Fedora Docs. Edit this Page. Aggressive parallelization capabilities Uses socket and D-Bus activation for starting services Offers on-demand starting of daemons, keeps track of processes using Linux cgroups Supports snapshotting and restoring of the system state Maintains mount and automount points Implements an elaborate transactional dependency-based service control logic.

Usually used to start enabled services on boot. Starting, stopping, and querying systemd services You can perform various management tasks to control systemd services using the systemctl command. Activate a service immediately: systemctl start foo. Modifying existing systemd services This example shows how to modify an existing service. You are logged in as a user with administrator-level permissions.

You have a configured httpd server running through systemd. Systemd services can be modified using the systemctl edit command. Creating new systemd services This example shows how to create a unit file for a custom service. This procedure creates a basic configuration file to control the foo service. The foo service uses the following parameters: Description A string describing the unit.

After Defines a relationship with a second unit. The resulting [Unit] section looks like this:. Type Defines the type of systemd service. ExecStart The command to run to start the service. The resulting [Service] section looks like this:. WantedBy Defines which service triggers the custom service if enabled with systemctl enable.

You have a custom SysVinit script to convert to a systemd configuration. For example, the following indicates the service is using runlevels 3, 4, and 5: chkconfig: 20 Common service parameters Unit Parameters This section contains parameters you can use in the [Unit] section of a service. Description A free-form string describing the service. Documentation A space-separated list of URIs referencing documentation for this service or its configuration.

Requires Configures requirement dependencies on other services. Wants Similar to Requires , except failed units do not have any effect on the service. BindsTo Similar to Requires , except stopping the dependent units also stops the service.